It is indeed an important observation in brain functions of the human beings. The people’s behavior related to the way in which they study the scriptures especially in temples is an example to be considered first. This is not about particular sect of people but about the way in which an act is being done. If carefully noted even big poems or sutras about God having one thousand small sentences are easily recited by the people who are doing it for years with out much difficulty and in spite of they may be having the book form in front for verification but rarely well versed person see the text. This is like the computer function in which already done task when put into work, the computer works faster. This is not the case with all those reciting the hymns in temple. With some people this is best done. This category of brain function needs in depth field study. The same is the case with who are good public speakers. They have got the highest RAM like functions in their brain. How to assess this are the next questions to be answered?
So, by creating a new formula of assessing the brain unlike the one done now for IQ, we need a different kind of tests needed to assess the RAM feature of human brain.
Friday, January 9, 2009
Thursday, January 8, 2009
Doctor Shanmugam’s Theory of Brain Behaviors in Disorders
NEURAL CIRCUIT MODELING
Introduction: Neurology is the study of Brain and the related organs. This is being studied by various ways namely anatomically, physiologically, biochemically, clinically and in therapeutic angles. Clinically central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and autonomic nervous system are the compartments of study of Neurology. Some are adding the hypophysis (Pituitary glands) and its functions along with the already mentioned parts.So, when a planning is to be made for the development of a modeling for neural circuit which should bring in maximum information for the academicians and research workers, the above factors need to be taken into account.
Aim of this study: Brain is an important organ of the body and is rightly christened as the master orchestra of the body. The brain is studied Anatomically, Physiologically,
Pathologically and Clinically both in Neuro Medicine and Neuro Surgically in a detailed way from the days of Hippocrates of Western world and also in India during the period of Agastiar like Siddhars in Tamil Nadu and Susrutha and Charaka in North India. With the advent of modern imaging equipments in the field of neurology, the decision making in Neuroscience has become a child’s play related to Diagnosis. But in the field of Neurology and Neuro Surgery, the treatment aspects are improving and the perfection of doing treatment even in the case of one of the oldest diseases of the world namely Epilepsy is yet to be perfect.
The study of Neuroscience is going in a molecular level and piece meal and industry driven and synthesis of the details available are not done routinely by anybody as was the case some decades ago due to non availability of selfless basic workers in Neuroscience today as like that of yester centuries.So, quantitatively there is leaf and bounds of application development in Neurosciences due to commercial reasons but basic concept development is at stagnant level. So, like that of table of Elements in Chemistry and classification in Zoology and Botany we need to create an uniform information applicable at all disorders of Neurology. An attempt is made to create such a theory applicable to all disorders of Neurology for better understanding of the symptoms and signs and also the pathology in a different perspective which is not conventionally followed in medicine. This will lead to better planning for management, predictability of prognosis and outcome or morbidity and mortality and future development of better therapies.
The present study is to making a model for this concept namely
Doctor Shanmugam’s Theory of Brain Behaviors in Disorders
using computer aided programme which once worked out will be an easy approach for the diagnosis of neurological diseases within a short span of time and with out observer bias for predicting the symptoms, signs and the outcome of the therapy. The details will be highlighted in the lecture.
With these, let us discuss the details of the theory.
Brain behavior in disorders can be defined with the following criteria:
1. Position of the lesion in brain: Central lesions produce more symptoms and signs. Peripheral lesions produce less symptoms and signs
“Centre the lesion more are the symptoms and signs and peripheral the lesion less are the symptoms and signs.( SHANMUGAM’s First law of brain behavior)
2. Size of the lesion: Even smaller lesions in midline can produce more symptoms and signs than expected
Introduction: Neurology is the study of Brain and the related organs. This is being studied by various ways namely anatomically, physiologically, biochemically, clinically and in therapeutic angles. Clinically central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and autonomic nervous system are the compartments of study of Neurology. Some are adding the hypophysis (Pituitary glands) and its functions along with the already mentioned parts.So, when a planning is to be made for the development of a modeling for neural circuit which should bring in maximum information for the academicians and research workers, the above factors need to be taken into account.
Aim of this study: Brain is an important organ of the body and is rightly christened as the master orchestra of the body. The brain is studied Anatomically, Physiologically,
Pathologically and Clinically both in Neuro Medicine and Neuro Surgically in a detailed way from the days of Hippocrates of Western world and also in India during the period of Agastiar like Siddhars in Tamil Nadu and Susrutha and Charaka in North India. With the advent of modern imaging equipments in the field of neurology, the decision making in Neuroscience has become a child’s play related to Diagnosis. But in the field of Neurology and Neuro Surgery, the treatment aspects are improving and the perfection of doing treatment even in the case of one of the oldest diseases of the world namely Epilepsy is yet to be perfect.
The study of Neuroscience is going in a molecular level and piece meal and industry driven and synthesis of the details available are not done routinely by anybody as was the case some decades ago due to non availability of selfless basic workers in Neuroscience today as like that of yester centuries.So, quantitatively there is leaf and bounds of application development in Neurosciences due to commercial reasons but basic concept development is at stagnant level. So, like that of table of Elements in Chemistry and classification in Zoology and Botany we need to create an uniform information applicable at all disorders of Neurology. An attempt is made to create such a theory applicable to all disorders of Neurology for better understanding of the symptoms and signs and also the pathology in a different perspective which is not conventionally followed in medicine. This will lead to better planning for management, predictability of prognosis and outcome or morbidity and mortality and future development of better therapies.
The present study is to making a model for this concept namely
Doctor Shanmugam’s Theory of Brain Behaviors in Disorders
using computer aided programme which once worked out will be an easy approach for the diagnosis of neurological diseases within a short span of time and with out observer bias for predicting the symptoms, signs and the outcome of the therapy. The details will be highlighted in the lecture.
With these, let us discuss the details of the theory.
Brain behavior in disorders can be defined with the following criteria:
1. Position of the lesion in brain: Central lesions produce more symptoms and signs. Peripheral lesions produce less symptoms and signs
“Centre the lesion more are the symptoms and signs and peripheral the lesion less are the symptoms and signs.( SHANMUGAM’s First law of brain behavior)
2. Size of the lesion: Even smaller lesions in midline can produce more symptoms and signs than expected
Pranayama and Stress Physiology
Pranayama and Stress Physiology
Introduction: Pranayama is a form of systematic breathing pattern practiced by the Siddhars of Tamil Nadu.
Aim of the study: The presentation is to highlight the theoretical aspect of Pranayama in reducing stress and to explain the way in which it works in human body.
Methodology: Pranayama is one in which the breathing is done by a single nostril (say-right) after closing the other nostril (left) and have to take a deep breathing. After a gap of few seconds up to which the person can tolerate, the nostril (left) through which breathing was not done is used for expiration of the air. There are patterns of using right or left nostril described in Siddha Medicine.
Results and Discussion: The effect of Pranayama in most of the explanations given is related to its effect on the lungs as a form of exercise for expansion of lungs. The following explanation will highlight the effect of pranayama on stress Physiology
When deep breathing is done, the pressure effect on the olfactory nerve endings in that nostril due to the air is transformed through the olfactory tract to Limbic System of the brain. The Limbic system is the rheostat of emotions of the brain (reference-Gray’s Anatomy). When stimulated, it produces a calming effect and is responsible for the stress reduction and related effects on the body in a positive way. Conclusion: The pranayama needs to be done only for few minutes every day. It helps the stress laden life of today and reduces diseases.
Introduction: Pranayama is a form of systematic breathing pattern practiced by the Siddhars of Tamil Nadu.
Aim of the study: The presentation is to highlight the theoretical aspect of Pranayama in reducing stress and to explain the way in which it works in human body.
Methodology: Pranayama is one in which the breathing is done by a single nostril (say-right) after closing the other nostril (left) and have to take a deep breathing. After a gap of few seconds up to which the person can tolerate, the nostril (left) through which breathing was not done is used for expiration of the air. There are patterns of using right or left nostril described in Siddha Medicine.
Results and Discussion: The effect of Pranayama in most of the explanations given is related to its effect on the lungs as a form of exercise for expansion of lungs. The following explanation will highlight the effect of pranayama on stress Physiology
When deep breathing is done, the pressure effect on the olfactory nerve endings in that nostril due to the air is transformed through the olfactory tract to Limbic System of the brain. The Limbic system is the rheostat of emotions of the brain (reference-Gray’s Anatomy). When stimulated, it produces a calming effect and is responsible for the stress reduction and related effects on the body in a positive way. Conclusion: The pranayama needs to be done only for few minutes every day. It helps the stress laden life of today and reduces diseases.
Pranayama and health
Introduction:
Pranayama is a form of systematic breathing pattern practiced by the Siddhars of Tamil Nadu and described in Siddha System of Medicine, a form of Scientific Medicine or Native Medicine in Tamil Nadu practiced for thousands of years.Pranayama is one in which the breathing is done by a single nostril (say-right) after closing the other nostril (left) and have to take a deep breathing. After a gap of few seconds up to which the person can tolerate, the nostril (left) through which breathing was not done is used for expiration of the air. Then the other nostril (left) is used the same way by closing the first used nostril (right). There are patterns of using right or left nostril described in Siddha Medicine depending on the day, month and so many time schedules (there is a separate poem available regarding the way in which it should be practiced in Tamil). But in simple terms, any nostril whether right or left can be used. The effect of pranayama in most of the explanations given is related to its effect on the lungs as a form of exercise for expansion of lungs.
Observation:
I have made several studies and observation in which pranayama is having entirely different effect apart from the routine effect on the lungs. This was reported even during 1986 to our medical journal namely Journal of Association of Physicians of India (JAPI).Unfortunately at that time, there was no acceptance regarding the native information in India by the Indian Doctors practicing in India. So, it was rejected by the referee of the Journal.
1. When deep breathing is done in one nostril, the pressure effect on the olfactory nerve endings in that nostril due to the air is transformed through the olfactory tract to Limbic System of the brain. The Limbic system is the rheostat of emotions of the brain (reference-Gray’s Anatomy). When that is stimulated, it produces a calming effect towards the stress related life and is responsible for the stress reduction and related effects on the body in a positive way towards the individual. This reduces the stress induced diseases and stress increased effect on the diseases like Diabetes and hypertension and will definitely have an effect on the prevention of heart attack in anybody.
2. Before sowing seeds in a land, ploughing is a must. The same way, unless pranayama is practiced and then meditation is done then only the effect of Meditation is better appreciated. Otherwise there is a possibility of opposite effect on the brain. That is why the Maharishi Mahesh yogi’s Transcendental Meditation is not very effective in which the pranayama was not very much stressed.
3. By means of pranayama the sinusitis can be improved and also at times cured.
4. By means of doing pranayama even By Pass surgery can be delayed since it increases the collateral development like the EECP (by Enhanced external counter pulsation) used by some group of therapists to avoid CABG.
Conclusions:
The pranayama needs to be done only for few minutes every day and can be done anywhere and at anytime and with any dress without resorting to straining and can be simply learnt by everybody. Once taught in a proper way it will help the stress laden life of today. Even the cumulative effect of pranayama and meditation done is also to be noted and even not doing them for some time will not affect the already got effect-a fact of much importance not noticed and reported by anybody. This is a tonic to the mind and unlike the body tonic which will cease its effect once stopped, this will not occur with pranayama practice. This a gift to the world by the great Siddhars of Tamil Nadu who were worried about the life’s sufferings of human individuals and created a way to solve it in the form pranayama and meditation .
Pranayama is a form of systematic breathing pattern practiced by the Siddhars of Tamil Nadu and described in Siddha System of Medicine, a form of Scientific Medicine or Native Medicine in Tamil Nadu practiced for thousands of years.Pranayama is one in which the breathing is done by a single nostril (say-right) after closing the other nostril (left) and have to take a deep breathing. After a gap of few seconds up to which the person can tolerate, the nostril (left) through which breathing was not done is used for expiration of the air. Then the other nostril (left) is used the same way by closing the first used nostril (right). There are patterns of using right or left nostril described in Siddha Medicine depending on the day, month and so many time schedules (there is a separate poem available regarding the way in which it should be practiced in Tamil). But in simple terms, any nostril whether right or left can be used. The effect of pranayama in most of the explanations given is related to its effect on the lungs as a form of exercise for expansion of lungs.
Observation:
I have made several studies and observation in which pranayama is having entirely different effect apart from the routine effect on the lungs. This was reported even during 1986 to our medical journal namely Journal of Association of Physicians of India (JAPI).Unfortunately at that time, there was no acceptance regarding the native information in India by the Indian Doctors practicing in India. So, it was rejected by the referee of the Journal.
1. When deep breathing is done in one nostril, the pressure effect on the olfactory nerve endings in that nostril due to the air is transformed through the olfactory tract to Limbic System of the brain. The Limbic system is the rheostat of emotions of the brain (reference-Gray’s Anatomy). When that is stimulated, it produces a calming effect towards the stress related life and is responsible for the stress reduction and related effects on the body in a positive way towards the individual. This reduces the stress induced diseases and stress increased effect on the diseases like Diabetes and hypertension and will definitely have an effect on the prevention of heart attack in anybody.
2. Before sowing seeds in a land, ploughing is a must. The same way, unless pranayama is practiced and then meditation is done then only the effect of Meditation is better appreciated. Otherwise there is a possibility of opposite effect on the brain. That is why the Maharishi Mahesh yogi’s Transcendental Meditation is not very effective in which the pranayama was not very much stressed.
3. By means of pranayama the sinusitis can be improved and also at times cured.
4. By means of doing pranayama even By Pass surgery can be delayed since it increases the collateral development like the EECP (by Enhanced external counter pulsation) used by some group of therapists to avoid CABG.
Conclusions:
The pranayama needs to be done only for few minutes every day and can be done anywhere and at anytime and with any dress without resorting to straining and can be simply learnt by everybody. Once taught in a proper way it will help the stress laden life of today. Even the cumulative effect of pranayama and meditation done is also to be noted and even not doing them for some time will not affect the already got effect-a fact of much importance not noticed and reported by anybody. This is a tonic to the mind and unlike the body tonic which will cease its effect once stopped, this will not occur with pranayama practice. This a gift to the world by the great Siddhars of Tamil Nadu who were worried about the life’s sufferings of human individuals and created a way to solve it in the form pranayama and meditation .
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